Diagnosis & Symptoms
Early recognition of symptoms and proper diagnosis are crucial for managing Early Onset Dementia and planning appropriate care and treatment strategies.
Early Warning Signs
Memory Changes
- Difficulty remembering recent events or conversations
- Repeating questions or stories
- Forgetting appointments or important dates
- Misplacing items frequently
Thinking & Problem-Solving
- Difficulty with complex tasks at work
- Problems with planning or organizing
- Trouble following familiar recipes or directions
- Difficulty with numbers or handling money
Language & Communication
- Trouble finding the right words
- Difficulty following conversations
- Problems with reading or writing
- Repeating themselves in conversation
Behavioral Changes
- Changes in mood or personality
- Increased anxiety or depression
- Loss of interest in activities
- Social withdrawal or isolation
Diagnostic Process
Step 1
Initial Medical Evaluation
Comprehensive medical history and physical examination
Review of symptoms and their progression
Family medical history assessment
Current medications review
Physical and neurological examination
Step 2
Cognitive Testing
Standardized tests to assess memory and thinking skills
Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
Detailed neuropsychological testing
Assessment of daily functioning
Step 3
Laboratory Tests
Blood tests to rule out other conditions
Vitamin B12 and thyroid function
Complete blood count and chemistry panel
Tests for infections or inflammation
Genetic testing (if family history present)
Step 4
Brain Imaging
Scans to examine brain structure and function
MRI to check for structural changes
CT scan to rule out strokes or tumors
PET scan (sometimes) to assess brain activity
Spinal fluid analysis (in some cases)
When to Seek Help
Consult a healthcare provider if you notice these concerning signs:
- Symptoms appearing before age 65
- Rapid progression of symptoms
- Strong family history of dementia
- Significant impact on work performance
- Personality changes noticed by family
- Getting lost in familiar places
Who Can Help
Primary Care Physician: First point of contact for initial evaluation
Neurologist: Specialist in brain and nervous system disorders
Geriatrician: Doctor specializing in aging-related conditions
Neuropsychologist: Expert in cognitive testing and assessment
Memory Care Specialist: Focused specifically on dementia diagnosis
Important Notes
Diagnosis Challenges:
- • No single test can diagnose dementia
- • Symptoms may be attributed to stress or depression
- • Early symptoms can be subtle and gradual
- • Multiple appointments may be needed
After Diagnosis:
- • Early intervention can help slow progression
- • Legal and financial planning should begin
- • Support groups can provide valuable resources
- • Regular follow-ups are important